July 1st
• 1862: Battle of Malvern Hill.
• 1862: Federal Income tax approved.
• 1863: Battle of Gettysburg begins.
July 2nd
• 1861: The Commanding General of the U.S. Army, Winfield Scott, was authorized by Lincoln to suspend the writ of habeas corpus on or near any military line between New York and Washington, presaging further suspension of the privilege.
• 1863: Battle of Gettysburg . Second day of battle with fighting at Little Round Top and Big Round Top, the Devil's Den, the Wheatfield, the Peach Orchard, Cemetery Hill and Culp's Hill.
July 3rd
• 1863: Battle of Gettysburg ends with the Pickett-Pettigrew charge, the "high tide of the Confederacy."
July 4th
• 1863: Vicksburg is surrendered to Federals, thus giving them control of the Mississippi River.
• 1863: General Lee begins to withdraw his men from Gettysburg.
July 5th
• 1861: Battle of Carthage, Missouri. Confederate victory halts the Federal advance into southwest Missouri.
July 6th
• 1861: The C.S.S. Sumter releases seven captured vessels at a Cuban port.
• 1863: Fighting occurs at several locations as General Lee's Army withdraws from Gettysburg toward the Potomac.
July 7th
• 1865: In Washington, D.C. the four Lincoln assassination conspirators are executed by hanging on the arsenal grounds at the Old Penitentiary Building.
July 8th
• 1863: Surrender of Port Hudson, Louisiana, the last Confederate garrison on the Mississippi River.
July 9th
• 1864: Battle of the Monocacy, Maryland. Advancing on Washington, D.C., General Jubal Early's infantry reach Frederick and rout the Union defenders.
July 10th
• 1861: The Confederate government signs a treaty with the Creek Indians.
• 1863: Beginning of the Federal siege of battery Wagner in Charleston Harbor.
July 11th
• 1861: Battle of Rich Mountain, Virginia.
• 1863: Draft Riots in New York City.
• 1863: First major Federal assault on Battery Wagner in Charleston Harbor.
July 12th
• 1863: Draft Riots in New York City.
• 1864: Confederate cavalry under the command of General Jubal Early invade the suburbs of Washington, D.C.
July 13th
• 1821: Birthday of General Nathan Bedford Forrest. General Forest was a self-made man; he became "the foremost cavalry officer ever produced in America."
• 1863: Draft Riots in New York City.
July 14th
• 1862: General John H. Morgan reaches the town of Cynthiana, Kentucky with this cavalry raiders.
• 1863: Draft Riots in New York City.
• 1864: Battle of Tupelo, Mississippi.
July 15th
• 1862: At Vicksburg, the newly complete Confederate ironclad Arkansas attacks and badly damages three Federal vessels.
• 1863: Draft Riots in New York City.
• 1864: Battle of Tupelo, Mississippi.
July 16th
• 1862: In Paris, Confederate Commissioner John Slidell meets with Napoleon III and requests France's formal recognition of the Confederate States of America; France declines.
• 1863: Draft Riots in New York City.
July 17th
• 1862: Lincoln approves and signs the Second Confiscation Act.
• 1863: General John H. Morgan's Raiders ride through the suburbs of Cincinnati, heading east toward the Ohio River.
July 18th
• 1861: Engagement at Blackburn, Virginia.
• 1861: First Manassas. Heavy skirmishing along Bull Run.
July 19th
• 1863: Battle at Buffington Island on the Ohio River, General John H. Morgan's Raiders are cut to pieces by Union forces.
July 20th
• 1864: Battle of Peachtree Creek, Georgia. Confederates suffer 4,796 casualties in just a few short hours.
July 21st
• 1861: Battle of First Manassas, Virginia. Confederates rout the Federal army in the first great battle of the war.
July 22nd
• 1862: The war now well into the second year and Lincoln is just presenting an "Emancipation Proclamation" to his cabinet; (this should be proof to anyone that has any doubts.... this war was not about freeing slaves... if it had been, this would not have been issued over a year and a half after the war had started!)
• 1864: Battle of Atlanta. Confederates still hold Atlanta after suffering up to 10,000 casualties of the nearly 40,000 engaged.
July 23rd
• 1863: In Virginia there is skirmishing at Snickers' Gap, Chester Gap and Gaines' Cross Roads.
July 24th
• 1864: Second Battle of Kernstown, Virginia. Confederates inflict heavy losses.
July 25th
• 1863: Skirmish at Brownsville, Arkansas and Williamsburg, Kentucky.
• 1864: Skirmish at Benton, Arkansas and Pleasant Hill, Missouri.
July 26th
• 1861: Near Mesilla, New Mexico Territory, Federals surrender Fort Fillmore to a smaller Confederate force.
July 27th
• 1864: Sherman orders his henchmen to begin cutting the railroad lines south of the city.
July 28th
• 1864: Battle of Ezra Church, Georgia. Confederates suffer 5000 casualties after repeated attacks against entrenched Federal troops.
July 29th
• 1864: General Jubal Early's cavalry cross the Potomac west of Williamsport and enter Maryland and Pennsylvania.
July 30th
• 1864: At Petersburg, Virginia, the Battle of the Crater occurs after a Federal mine is exploded.
• 1864: Confederate cavalry under the command of Col. John S. "Rip" Ford recapture Brownsville, Texas.
July 31st
• 1862: President Davis wrote to General Lee that on July 22, a cartel for exchange of prisoners had been signed, but that shortly afterward the Federal authorities "commenced a practice changing the character of the war, from such as becomes civilized nations into a campaign of indiscriminate robbers and murder." He was referring to the orders of seizure of private property without compensation, the threats that citizens would be shot as spies if found near Pope's lines, and the seizure of citizens as hostages.
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